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1.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 33(4): 380-388, July-Aug. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1134381

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: The presence of nucleated red blood cells (NRBCs) and increases in mean platelet volume (MPV) and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in peripheral circulation are associated with poorer prognosis in patients with acute coronary disease. Objective: We developed a scoring system for in-hospital surveillance of all-cause mortality using hematological laboratory parameters in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods: Patients admitted for AMI were recruited in this prospective study. Exclusion criteria were age younger than 18 years, glucocorticoid therapy, cancer or hematological diseases and readmissions. NRBCs, MPV and NLR were measured during hospitalization. The scoring system was developed in three steps: first, the magnitude of the association of clinical and laboratory parameters with in-hospital mortality was measured by odds ratio (OR), second, a multivariate logistic regression model was conducted with all variables significantly (p < 0.05) associated with the outcome, and third, a β-coefficient was estimated by multivariate logistic regression with hematological parameters with a p < 0.05. Results: A total of 466 patients (mean age were 64.2 ± 12.8 years, 61.6% male) were included in this study. A hematological scoring system ranging from 0 to 49, where higher values were associated with higher risk of in-hospital death. The best performance was registered for a cut-off value of 26 with sensitivity of 89.1% and specificity of 67.2%, positive predictive value of 26.8% (95% CI: 0.204 - 0.332) and negative predictive value of 97.9% (95% CI: 0.962 - 0.996). The area under the curve for the scoring system was 0.868 (95% CI: 0.818 - 0.918). Conclusions: Here we propose a hematological scoring system for surveillance tool during hospitalization of patients with acute myocardial infarction. Based on total blood count parameters, the instrument can evaluate inflammation and hypoxemia due to in-hospital complications and, consequently, predict in-hospital mortality.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Severity of Illness Index , Coronary Artery Disease/diagnosis , Hospital Mortality , Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis , Prognosis , Biomarkers , Predictive Value of Tests , Prospective Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity , Erythrocytes , Mean Platelet Volume/methods , Myocardial Infarction/mortality
2.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 31(2): f:133-l:142, mar.-abr. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-881967

ABSTRACT

Background: Cardiogenic Acute Pulmonary Edema (APE) is considered one of the main medical emergencies, and it is the extreme manifestation of acute heart failure. The main etiology of heart failure is ischemic heart disease. To date, the definition of ischemic etiology in acute pulmonary edema was based on criteria such as: clinical history of ischemic heart disease, noninvasive examinations and, in other patients, coronary angiography. Classified as such, ischemic heart disease has been shown to be its main etiology. The high prevalence between these two diseases was evaluated, but not by the exclusive angiographic criterion, the gold standard of this pathology and the reason of this study. Objective: To evaluate the predictors of obstructive coronary artery disease in patients with acute pulmonary edema of unclear origin. Method: Patients admitted to a cardiovascular disease referral emergency unit were recruited to undergo coronary angiography if the acute pulmonary edema etiology was not adequately elucidated. Obstructive coronary disease was considered if at least one epicardial vessel had 70% of occlusion. Results: Obstructive coronary disease was classified by coronary angiography in 149 consecutively evaluated patients, and coronary artery obstruction was the outcome variable of the predictor model. Among the variables related to coronary disease, the predictor variables were the history of coronary artery disease (p < 0.001) and myocardium segmental deficit at the echocardiogram (p < 0.02). Conclusion: The antecedent of coronary disease and the myocardium segmental deficit at the echocardiogram were able to discriminate patients with acute pulmonary edema associated with obstructive coronary disease. Troponin values classified by two cardiologists as secondary to an acute non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, and chest pain preceding the clinical picture were not able to discriminate patients with or without coronary obstruction and thus, the diagnosis of obstructive coronary disease should not be pursued based on the troponin value and/or chest pain preceding the clinical picture


Fundamento: O Edema Agudo de Pulmão cardiogênico é considerado uma das maiores emergências médicas, é a manifestação extrema da insuficiência cardíaca aguda. A principal etiologia da insuficiência cardíaca é a cardiopatia isquêmica. Até o momento, a definição da etiologia isquêmica no edema agudo de pulmão foi baseada em critérios como: história clínica de doença cardíaca isquêmica, exames não invasivos e, em outros pacientes, na cinecoronariografia. Desta forma classificada, a doença isquêmica do coração demonstrou ser sua principal etiologia. A alta prevalência entre estas duas doenças foi avaliada, mas não pelo critério angiográfico exclusivo, o padrão-ouro desta patologia, a razão deste estudo. Objetivo: Avaliar os preditores da doença arterial coronária obstrutiva nos portadores de Edema Agudo de Pulmão de origem claramente não definida. Método: Pacientes admitidos em um pronto-socorro de referência no tratamento das doenças cardiovasculares foram recrutados a realizar a coronariografia se a etiologia do edema agudo de pulmão não era devidamente esclarecida. A doença coronária obstrutiva foi considerada se ao menos um vaso epicádico tivesse oclusão = 70%. Resultados: A doença coronária obstrutiva foi classificada pela cinecoronariografia em 149 pacientes consecutivamente avaliados, a obstrução da artéria coronária foi a variável desfecho do modelo preditor. Dentre as variáveis relacionadas a doença coronária, as variáveis preditoras foram a história de doença da artéria coronária (p < 0,001) e o déficit segmentar do miocárdio ao ecocardiograma (p < 0,02). Conclusão: O antecedente de doença coronariana e o déficit segmentar do miocárdio ao ecocardiograma foram capazes de discriminar pacientes com edema agudo de pulmão associado a doença coronária obstrutiva. Valores da troponina classificados por dois cardiologistas como secundário a um infarto agudo do miocárdio sem elevação do segmento ST a e a dor torácica antecedendo o quadro não foram capazes de discriminar doentes com ou sem obstrução coronária, logo, o diagnóstico de doença coronária obstrutiva não deve ser perseguido baseado no valor da troponina e ou dor torácica antecedendo o quadro


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Coronary Artery Disease/diagnosis , Coronary Artery Disease/etiology , Predictive Value of Tests , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/diagnosis , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/etiology , Pulmonary Edema , Chest Pain , Diabetes Mellitus , Echocardiography/methods , Electrocardiography/methods , Heart Failure , Hypertension , Myocardial Ischemia/etiology , Observational Study , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Stroke , Troponin
3.
J. bras. patol. med. lab ; 50(5): 332-338, Sep-Oct/2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-730518

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Laboratory critical values (CV) can indicate threatening conditions that require rapid clinical intervention. The aim of this study was to implement, validate and review a critical values list (CVL) at Pronto-Socorro Cardiológico de Pernambuco - Universidade de Pernambuco (PROCAPE-UPE). Method: This study was conducted between 2011 and 2013. To formulate the CVL, laboratory tests performed at PROCAPE were analyzed and compared with those of the Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) and the College of American Pathologists (CAP). A draft CVL was validated by physicians; staff training and the standard operating procedure were developed covering the entire clinical analysis laboratory, in order to formalize the procedure of critical result reporting. The CVL was updated every six months. Results: Changes were made in CV intervals for the measurement of total serum calcium, serum sodium, serum potassium, the international normalized ratio (INR) and total leukocyte count. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) was also included in the CVL. In the pediatric CVL, dosages of serum sodium and INR were included, and a change in the value of serum potassium was made. Thus, periodic reviews of CVL allowed greater adequacy to the needs of the study population and avoided overloading the notification process. Conclusion: Clinical laboratories must be responsible for the implementation, validation and review of their CVL to ensure patients’ health. .


Introdução: Valores críticos (VC) laboratoriais podem ser indicativos de condições de risco de morte que requerem intervenção clínica rápida. O objetivo deste estudo foi implantar, validar e revisar uma lista de valores críticos (LVC) no Pronto-Socorro Cardiológico Universitário de Pernambuco-Universidade de Pernambuco (PROCAPE-UPE). Método: Este trabalho foi realizado no período de 2011 a 2013. Para elaborar a LVC, os testes laboratoriais realizados no PROCAPE foram analisados e comparados com os dos jornais da Federação Internacional de Química Clínica e Medicina Laboratorial (IFCC) e do Colégio Americano de Patologistas (CAP). Após a elaboração da LVC, ela foi validada por médicos; treinamentos e procedimento operacional padrão foram desenvolvidos abrangendo todo o laboratório de análises clínicas, com o intuito de formalizar o procedimento de comunicação de resultados críticos. A LVC foi revisada a cada seis meses. Resultados: Foram realizadas modificações nos intervalos de VC na dosagem de cálcio sérico total, sódio sérico, potássio sérico, no índice internacional normalizado (INR) e na contagem total de leucócitos. Também foi incluído na LVC o hormônio estimulante de tireoide (TSH). Na LVC exclusiva da pediatria, foi incluída a dosagem de sódio sérico e o INR, e uma alteração no valor do potássio sérico foi realizada. Assim, uma avaliação periódica da LVC possibilitou maior adequação às necessidades da população de estudo e evitou sobrecarga no processo de notificação. Conclusão: Faz-se necessário que os laboratórios de análises clínicas sejam responsáveis pela implantação, validação ...

4.
J. bras. patol. med. lab ; 42(6): 419-423, dez. 2006. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-446495

ABSTRACT

A intolerância à glicose de jejum (IGJ), uma condição metabólica que na maioria das vezes precede o diabetes, geralmente não causa sintomas, necessitando da dosagem da glicemia de jejum para ser diagnosticada. Em 2003, o Comitê de Especialistas em Diagnóstico e Classificação do Diabetes Mellitus (Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus) recomendou a redução do ponto de corte para o diagnóstico da IGJ de 110mg/dl para 100mg/dl, endossado pela Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes (SBD), em 2005. No entanto ainda não há consenso sobre a adoção desses valores. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a frequência de pacientes com IGJ atendidos, de agosto a novembro de 2005, no Hospital Universitário Oswaldo Cruz da Universidade de Pernambuco (HUOC/UPE), comparando os critérios de diagnóstico. Foram avaliadas glicemias de 428 indivíduos, sendo 65 por cento do sexo femino. A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 52,3 anos (± 15,4), sendo que 78,3 por cento desses estavam na faixa etária 40 anos. Do total da amostra, 4 por cento tiveram glicemia de jejum sugestiva de diabetes ( 126mg/dl), enquanto 7 por cento dos resultados foram compatíveis com IGJ, segundo os critérios anteriormente adotados ( 110mg/dl e < 126mg/dl), e esses pacientes tinham idade 40 anos. Porém, utilizando os novos critérios de diagnóstico ( 100mg/dl e < 126mg/dl), a incidência de indivíduos com IGJ passou para 14,7 por cento e a faixa etária dos indivíduos acometidos para 20 anos. Esses resultados indicam maior sensibilidade na detecção de pacientes com IGJ, após redefinição dos critérios de diagnóstico, nas faixas etárias avaliadas.


Impaired fasting glucose (IFG), a condition that most times precedes diabetes, generally does not produce any symptoms. In 2003, the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus recommended a lower cutoff point (from 110mg/dl to 100mg/dl) for fasting plasma glucose to confirm its diagnosis, a measure officially endorsed by the Brazilian Society of Diabetes (BSD) in 2005. The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of patients who presented IFG seen at the State University Hospital Oswaldo Cruz, utilizing both criteria of diagnosis, from August to November 2005. The sample consisted of 428 individuals, 65 percent of whom were females, with a mean age of 52.3 years (� 15.4) and a percentage of 78.3 percent of this population were 40 years old. From the total sample, 4 percent presented a fasting glucose level suggestive of diabetes ( 126mg/dl), while 7 percent presented glycemia values between 110mg/dl and < 126mg/dl, all of these patients were aged 40 years. The new criteria proposed for the diagnosis of IFG showed that the frequency of IFG patients has increased to 14.7 percent and their age has fallen to > 20. These results suggest, with this new diagnosis criterion, a higher sensibility in the detection of IFG among subjects in the age range studied.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , /diagnosis , Blood Glucose/analysis , Glucose Intolerance/diagnosis , Age Distribution , Brazil , Glucose Intolerance/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Glucose Tolerance Test/methods
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